One of the most widespread theories in biology is undoubtedly that of Darwin, based on the naturalist idea that humans originated from a species of ape. Of course everyone has the right to believe what they want with evolution, or at least to fantasize.
Charles Le Brun (1619 - 1690) was a French painter, physiognomist, art theorist and director of many art schools at the time. He was proclaimed by Louis XIV as "the greatest French artist of all time" and served as a dominant figure of art in the 17th century.
In the book The Treatise on Facial Habits (via Wellcome Library ), Le Brun used his knowledge of physiognomy to fantasize about what humans might look like if they evolved from other species. Of course the results are just Le Brun's fantasy, but worth seeing.
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